Is this a problem? Yes it is. We live in a competitive economy. Whatever we think about sharing and co-creation, competition is what still defines our economic and social system. And because of that, winning is the norm. Society creates a lot of dichotomies in this respect: winners vs losers, haves vs have-nots, successful vs unsuccessful, happy vs unhappy, … Being successful is important in our society. And if winning experiences lead to unethical behavior, we can have a problem. Because this would mean that our very societal organisation inspires people to become anti-social and unethical.
There have been a lot of examples of such unethical behaviour. The quest for yields has led to unacceptable behavior in corporations like Enron, Satyam, Parmalat… We all know the enormous problem Volkswagen has created for themselves by tinkering with their emission software. The financial crisis was about systems that have faded out ethical considerations. There have been many corporate scandals that suggest a fading of norms and a tolerance or even stimulation of doubtful behaviour.

Trust vs Control

And the thing which strikes me most, is that most companies where fraud has recently been committed, did have a corporate governance and rules in place. In recent years we have installed many control systems  to prevent this from happening. But control is never 100% and we know control destroys trust.
If we can generalize the results of the study, we might think that we are wrong in focussing on trust. Should we focus on control instead? It’s not a binary story. You always need some control but you need to keep it as minimal as needed. And trust has to be as high as possible.
It’s a matter of balance. As always. And personally I have trouble believing that winning a game will lead to unethical behaviour. But what could solve it, is to install a climate where failure is acceptable; where winning is not a solitary but a collective game. If you need a certain level of control, let it be social control, more than procedural control. Anyway, zero tolerance for deviant behavior is essential.

Ethics and Trust

This zero tolerance is difficult to set up if you do not have the right people. So this is a plea to hire people you can trust. Trust is about competence, loyalty and integrity of people. You need to hire people with high ethical norms. If you do that you do not need to impose ethics. Ethics will be part of your culture.

Control is good. Trust is better.